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farm crisis
A farm crisis describes times of agricultural recession, low crop prices and low farm incomes. The most recent US farm crisis occurred during the 1980s. 〔Steve Huntley. "Winter of Despair Hits the Farm Belt," ''U.S. News & World Report'' v100 January 20, 1986, 21-23〕〔Joshua Hammer. "Double Slaying in Rural Minnesota Spotlights Distress of America's Debt-Ridden Farmers", ''People Weekly'', v20 October 31, 1983, 129-131〕〔Bob McBride. "Broken Heartland: Farm Crisis in the Midwest", ''The Nation'', v242 February 8, 1986, 132-133.〕 Women played an important role in helping to keep the farm by seeking off-farm employment many opting to commute to larger cities to earn higher salaries.
==Crisis of the 1920's and 1930's==
Although commonly believed to be onset by World War I, the effects of this farm crisis began in the 1920s. At the onset of the crisis, there was high market supply, high prices, and available credit for both the producer and consumer. The U.S. government continued to instill inflationary policy following WWI.〔Perkins, Van L. "Crisis in Agriculture: The Agricultural Adjustment Administration and the New Deal," 1969.〕 By June 1920, crop prices averaged 31 percent above 1919 and 121 percent above prewar prices of 1913. Also, farm land prices rose 40 percent from 1913 to 1920.〔Shideler, James H. "Farm Crisis, 1919-1923," Berkeley: University of California Press, 1957.〕 Crops of 1920 cost more to produce than any other year. Eventually, a price break began in July 1920 which squeezed farmers between both decreasing agricultural prices and steady industrial prices. . Examples of decreasing agriculture prices include: By 1933, Cotton was only 5.5 cents per pound, corn was down 19.4 cents per bushel, and hogs declined to $2.94 instead of their respective 1909-1914 average prices of 12.4 cents per pound, to 83.6 cents per bushel, and $7.24 per hog. Furthermore, a region of the great plains was hit by an extreme drought which added to the agricultural difficulties of the time. See Dust Bowl for more information.〔Perkins, Van L. "Crisis in Agriculture: The Agricultural Adjustment Administration and the New Deal," 1969.〕
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